{"id":13688,"date":"2019-06-10T16:47:00","date_gmt":"2019-06-10T14:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/noticias\/legislacion-espacio\/"},"modified":"2025-12-01T23:28:39","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T22:28:39","slug":"legal-risks-of-space","status":"publish","type":"noticias","link":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/news\/legal-risks-of-space\/","title":{"rendered":"Legal risks of space commercialization"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Experts have agreed that the lack of\u00a0<strong>updated global space legislation<\/strong>\u00a0might pose a serious problem that could inhibit the development of the space industry, specially legal risks. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is true that the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.unoosa.org\/pdf\/publications\/STSPACE11S.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Outer Space Treaty<\/a>&nbsp;from 1967 exists and that we subsequently created the Rescue Agreement in 1968, the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.unoosa.org\/pdf\/publications\/ST_SPACE_11_Rev2_Add1S.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Space Liability Convention&nbsp;<\/a>in 1972, the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.unoosa.org\/pdf\/publications\/ST_SPACE_11_Rev2_Add1S.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Registration Convention&nbsp;<\/a>in 1975 and the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tratado_de_la_Luna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Moon Treaty<\/a>&nbsp;in 1979. All of these were developed within the framework of the United Nations COPUOS, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unov.org\/unov\/es\/unoosa.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space<\/a>. However, these&nbsp;<strong>agreements are non-binding and have different levels of accession.<\/strong>&nbsp;Additionally, they are almost 40 years old, which means that the social, political and, above all, technological reality has significantly changed since then. These agreements are also reached by consensus, which is increasingly harder to find.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Legislaci\u00f3n en el espacio | John Logsdon\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/C-t97MhShNY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among the things that need regulation are political law for each country (jurisdiction concerning vertical space, satellites, platforms and space vehicles), relations among countries concerning jurisdiction, the use of satellites, communications, espionage and even the way to proceed in the event that we come into contact with aliens.<br>Yet there are problems that we need to solve more urgently, such as<strong>&nbsp;limitations regarding technology exportation<\/strong>, which hinder (if not prevent) cooperation among companies from different countries; China is a clear example of an emerging power in the space market with whom we must find a way to collaborate.<br>We will also need to implement regulations on the use of the radio spectrum, which is a scarce commodity and will be increasingly demanded due to the increasing amount of satellites in orbit. There is a technological solution that might help in this regard: optical data transmission, which still needs time to become the standard even though it is already working very well in systems such as the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/artes.esa.int\/edrs-global\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EDRS<\/a>&nbsp;from the European Space Agency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Forum experts talked about several&nbsp;<strong>goals for governmental agencies and legislators in order to promote the commercial use of space<\/strong>. They deem that it is necessary that governments at least:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> Do not hinder.<\/li><li> Facilitate the exportation of products and technologies and its regulation.<\/li><li> Promote cooperation among people, institutions and countries.<\/li><li> Facilitate access to already acquired knowledge.<\/li><li> Provide security for private resources.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;It would also be ideal if they:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> Clearly supported initiatives.<\/li><li> Provided funding.<\/li><li> Supported innovation.<\/li><li> Participated in international cooperation.<\/li><li> Provide access to their infrastructures and talent related to space.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;In order to do so, they have a set of&nbsp;<strong>strengths and resources<\/strong>&nbsp;such as vast experience in working in space and developing collaborations with other governments and agencies. They also have the possibility of creating, implementing and ensuring compliance of regulations and laws, such as the one about allocating funds to these sorts of initiatives. Last but not least, they have facilities, staff and knowledge they have been accumulating over the last fifty years of space exploration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Working with them entails a number of&nbsp;<strong>risks<\/strong>, such as the lack of flexibility typical of governmental bodies, the unpredictable nature when the people in charge are replaced, different interests that are not aligned with those of the industry, little flexibility when adapting to new players and, sometimes, the lack of necessary funding to work properly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Our experts agree that the lack of an up-to-date global space law can be a problem for the development of a space industry.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":13682,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_oaas_summary":"Experts highlight that the outdated global space legislation poses significant legal risks and could hinder the growth of the space industry. Although foundational treaties such as the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, the Rescue Agreement, and others were established under the UN\u2019s Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS), these agreements are non-binding, vary in adoption, and are nearly 40 years old. Since then, technological, political, and social landscapes have drastically changed, making consensus on new regulations increasingly difficult. Key regulatory areas needing urgent attention include national jurisdiction over vertical space and satellites, international cooperation on satellite use and communications, technology export limitations, and spectrum allocation to manage the surge in satellites. The rise of emerging space powers like China underscores the need for collaboration despite current export restrictions.\n\nGovernmental agencies and legislators are urged to facilitate rather than hinder commercial space activities by easing export regulations, encouraging cooperation, ensuring security for private assets, and promoting knowledge sharing. Ideally, governments should also fund initiatives, support innovation, engage in international partnerships, and provide access to space infrastructure and talent. Governments possess strengths such as extensive experience, regulatory authority, and resources accumulated over decades. However, working with them carries risks including bureaucratic inflexibility, leadership changes, misaligned interests, and funding uncertainties. Addressing these challenges is crucial for fostering a sustainable and collaborative space industry future.","_oaas_audio_url":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/summary-13688-1764628123.mp3"},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-13688","noticias","type-noticias","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Legal risks of space commercialization<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Our experts agree that the lack of an up-to-date global space law can be a problem for the development of a space industry. 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