{"id":26802,"date":"2025-11-25T08:54:38","date_gmt":"2025-11-25T07:54:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/?post_type=noticias&#038;p=26802"},"modified":"2025-12-01T23:14:15","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T22:14:15","slug":"angel-ibarra-functional-materials-to-turn-fusion-into-industrial-reality","status":"publish","type":"noticias","link":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/news\/angel-ibarra-functional-materials-to-turn-fusion-into-industrial-reality\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c1ngel Ibarra: Functional Materials to Turn Fusion into Industrial Reality"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>This article has been translated using artificial intelligence<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/ftf-informes\/fusion-forward\/#report-section-00\"><strong>Fusion energy<\/strong><\/a> <strong>is one of the most ambitious technological promises of the 21st century.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But for it to stop being a dream and become a real energy solution, we need to understand it, talk about it, and make strategic decisions. That\u2019s the goal of this article series from the <strong>Fundaci\u00f3n Innovaci\u00f3n Bankinter<\/strong>, born out of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/ftf-informes\/fusion-forward\/#report-section-00\"><strong>Future Trends Forum Fusion Forward<\/strong><\/a>, where more than 20 international experts tackled the major challenges and opportunities that this technology presents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In previous articles, we explored the challenges of technological integration, the importance of remote maintenance, and the vision of private-sector players. In this issue, we focus on one of the most critical aspects: <strong>materials<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/experts\/angel-ibarra\/\"><strong>\u00c1ngel Ibarra<\/strong><\/a>, Director of the <a href=\"https:\/\/ifmif-dones.es\/\"><strong>IFMIF-DONES Spain project<\/strong><\/a> -the European facility that will validate materials in environments similar to those inside a fusion reactor- warns that the feasibility of these technologies depends on their resilience under extreme conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And he issues a warning: if <strong>Europe wants to lead the future of fusion<\/strong>, it must treat materials development as a <strong>strategic industrial priority<\/strong>. Because without materials capable of withstanding pressure, radiation, and extreme heat, no reactor will ever make it to the power grid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you want to watch \u00c1ngel Ibarra\u2019s presentation, you can do so in this video:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u00c1ngel Ibarra: &quot;Development and Validation of Functional Materials&quot; #FusionForward\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/a660fl6x0m4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1ngel Ibarra: &#8220;Development and Validation of Functional Materials&#8221; #FusionForward<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Competitive Fusion: Three Non-Negotiable Conditions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1ngel Ibarra is clear from the start: <em>\u201cIt\u2019s not enough to make fusion work in a lab. It has to be viable, efficient, and scalable if we want it to become part of the energy mix.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To achieve that, he identifies three pillars that must advance together. These are not independent goals, but interdependent conditions. If one fails, the entire system falters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Tritium: Beyond Self-Sufficiency<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fusion fuel is a mix of deuterium -abundant in nature- and tritium, which is extremely scarce. That scarcity forces reactors to produce their own tritium during operation, creating a closed, self-sustaining cycle through systems like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/machine\/supporting-systems\/tritium-breeding\"><strong>breeding blankets<\/strong><\/a>, which generate tritium by exposing lithium to neutrons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But Ibarra makes a key point: self-sufficiency is not enough. If the goal is to deploy hundreds of reactors within a few decades, we cannot rely on the tritium generated by the first reactors to power the next ones.<br>We need an <strong>industrial-scale tritium strategy<\/strong>\u2014one capable of producing the fuel externally and at scale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today, there\u2019s no clear solution to this challenge. Without it, the transition toward a fusion-based energy economy could stall before it begins. This <strong>strategic bottleneck<\/strong> demands targeted R&amp;D, coordinated investment, and an urgent international roadmap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. High Operational Availability: Reactors That Run Almost All the Time<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fusion, turning the reactor on is only the first step. To compete with other energy technologies, it must operate <strong>at least 90% of the time<\/strong>.<br>Why does that matter? Because operational uptime determines the <strong>cost per megawatt-hour<\/strong> produced. A reactor that runs only 20% of the time faces unsustainable costs in construction, maintenance, and operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Achieving such high availability requires tackling several challenges simultaneously:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Redundant designs<\/strong>, so the reactor keeps running even with partial failures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Remote maintenance systems<\/strong>, capable of replacing worn or damaged parts quickly and safely, with minimal downtime.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ultra-resistant materials<\/strong> that can endure years of extreme heat, radiation, and pressure without degrading.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Availability, therefore, becomes a <strong>systemic integration parameter<\/strong>, where physics, engineering, and robotics must work in perfect coordination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Energy Efficiency: The Hidden Deal-Breaker<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Often overlooked, efficiency is what will ultimately determine whether fusion can generate electricity profitably.<br>Ibarra insists that we must measure not just the energy produced in the reaction, but the amount that actually reaches the grid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Efficiency depends on two main factors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Internal energy consumption<\/strong>: cooling systems, magnetic fields, maintenance, and other auxiliary functions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thermal-to-electric conversion efficiency<\/strong>\u2014how much of the generated heat becomes usable electricity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The latter hinges on the operating temperature of the heat-extraction system. Higher temperatures boost efficiency\u2014but also push materials to their limits.<br>It\u2019s a delicate technical balance: increasing performance means subjecting the reactor to ever more extreme conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And here, the argument comes full circle: we need <strong>materials capable of withstanding those extremes\u2014not just for hours or days, but for decades<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>IFMIF-DONES: Validating Materials to Make Fusion a Reality<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All this technical vision converges on one key point: <strong>materials must be tested under real reactor conditions<\/strong>.<br>That\u2019s exactly the mission of the project led by \u00c1ngel Ibarra \u2014 <strong>IFMIF-DONES (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility \u2013 DEMO Oriented NEutron Source)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Located in <strong>Granada, Spain<\/strong>, and supported by the <strong>European Commission<\/strong>, IFMIF-DONES will be a <strong>one-of-a-kind scientific infrastructure<\/strong>, essential to the European roadmap toward commercial fusion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Its main features include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>A high-power deuteron beam<\/strong> that strikes a stream of liquid lithium, generating neutrons with energies similar to those inside a fusion reactor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>An advanced irradiation system<\/strong> to expose structural and functional materials to extreme radiation, temperature, and corrosion \u2014 and study their long-term behavior.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The ability to accelerate decades of material aging tests into just a few months<\/strong>, delivering reliable data for the design of future reactors such as <strong>DEMO<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But DONES is more than science. Its potential extends far beyond the laboratory.<br>It\u2019s a <strong>strategic industrial catalyst<\/strong>, capable of creating a high-value technological ecosystem \u2014 and positioning Europe at the forefront of the global fusion race.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A Strategic Opportunity to Position Spain as a Leader in Fusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>IFMIF-DONES<\/strong> represents a strategic lever for <strong>Spain<\/strong> &#8211; and particularly for <strong>Andalusia<\/strong>. Around it, a vibrant ecosystem is already taking shape, built on several key pillars:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tech startups<\/strong> specializing in robotics, instrumentation, sensors, and advanced materials.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Research and innovation centers<\/strong> connected to universities (UGR, UPM, UC3M, UPC) and the <strong>Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Industrial companies<\/strong> developing and testing frontier components under real conditions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Investors and venture capital funds<\/strong> increasingly interested in <strong>deeptech<\/strong> solutions tied to the energy transition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As Ibarra puts it, <em>\u201cDONES is not an isolated facility -it\u2019s a node in an expanding ecosystem that could place Spain among the world leaders in fusion technology.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The project is already creating a <strong>multiplier effect<\/strong> in high-skilled employment, international talent attraction, and technology transfer. Once operational, <strong>IFMIF-DONES<\/strong> is expected to generate over <strong>1,000 direct and indirect jobs<\/strong>, many of them highly qualified.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond its scientific impact, this infrastructure could establish Spain as a <strong>key supplier of components, materials, and expertise<\/strong> for the <strong>global fusion market<\/strong> &#8211; one that could become a cornerstone of 21st-century industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Beyond the Lab: Building an Industry (and a Country) That Leads in Fusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1ngel Ibarra\u2019s message goes far beyond the realm of science. His core argument is clear: <strong>fusion must stop being treated as a technology of the future and start being developed as an industrial value chain today<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spain has a unique opportunity to lead this transformation &#8211; not only as the host of IFMIF-DONES, but as a <strong>global actor in the emerging fusion economy<\/strong>. Turning that opportunity into a competitive advantage, however, requires activating all the gears:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Build industrial consortia<\/strong> that connect science, technology, and business.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Create stable, long-term investment frameworks<\/strong> rooted in real public\u2013private collaboration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Support strategic projects<\/strong>, even when short-term returns are not guaranteed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Develop interdisciplinary talent<\/strong> &#8211; professionals who understand physics, business, regulation, and innovation alike.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As Ibarra reminds us, <em>\u201cScience can prove that fusion is possible, but only industry can turn it into an energy reality.\u201d<\/em><br>And that industry starts <strong>now<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A Race That Has Already Begun<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fusion energy is no longer just a promise &#8211; it\u2019s becoming a <strong>real roadmap<\/strong>. But it won\u2019t arrive on its own. It must be <strong>built<\/strong> \u2014 through industrial decisions, strategic alliances, sustained investment, and a national vision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1ngel Ibarra\u2019s participation in the <strong>Future Trends Forum: Fusion Forward<\/strong> is more than a technical reflection. It\u2019s a <strong>call to action<\/strong> &#8211; to unlock all the potential Spain holds in this race: as a key node in Europe\u2019s fusion ecosystem, as an innovation hub in materials science, and as a top-tier industrial player in one of the most transformative sectors of the 21st century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article is part of the broader analysis carried out by the <strong>Fundaci\u00f3n Innovaci\u00f3n Bankinter<\/strong>. The full report, <em>\u201c<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/ftf-informes\/fusion-forward\/#report-section-00\"><em>Fusion Energy: A Revolution in Progress<\/em><\/a><em>\u201d,<\/em> compiles insights from over twenty international experts and defines the <strong>five critical levers<\/strong> to scale fusion as a <strong>climate, economic, and technological engine<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Download it <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/FTF-Report-Fusion-Energy-1.pdf\"><strong>here<\/strong><\/a> and discover how we can start building <strong>tomorrow\u2019s energy system today<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And if you want to keep exploring this transformation, don\u2019t miss the upcoming articles in the <strong>Fusion Forward<\/strong> series &#8211; where we continue to bring the future of energy closer to society, with <strong>rigor, foresight, and impact<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At the Future Trends Forum Fusion Forward, \u00c1ngel Ibarra (IFMIF-DONES) highlights a challenge that rarely makes headlines but is absolutely decisive: without functional materials validated under extreme conditions, fusion will not be viable<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":26891,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_oaas_summary":"Fusion energy represents one of the most ambitious technological goals of the 21st century, promising a revolutionary new source of clean power. However, transitioning fusion from laboratory experiments to a viable, scalable energy source requires overcoming significant challenges. This article, part of a series by Fundaci\u00f3n Innovaci\u00f3n Bankinter stemming from the Future Trends Forum Fusion Forward, highlights the critical role of material science in this journey. \u00c1ngel Ibarra, Director of the IFMIF-DONES Spain project, emphasizes that the development of materials capable of withstanding extreme heat, radiation, and pressure inside fusion reactors is essential for the technology\u2019s success. He argues that Europe must prioritize materials development strategically to maintain leadership in fusion energy.\n\nIbarra identifies three interdependent pillars critical for competitive fusion: an industrial-scale tritium fuel strategy beyond self-sufficiency, high operational availability (reactors running at least 90% of the time), and energy efficiency that ensures net electricity production at profitable levels. The IFMIF-DONES facility in Granada, Spain, plays a pivotal role by testing materials under reactor-like conditions to accelerate their validation and support the design of future reactors. This project also has broader industrial implications, fostering a high-tech ecosystem around fusion in Spain and Europe. Ibarra\u2019s call to action underscores that fusion must be developed today as an integrated industrial value chain, supported by long-term investments, interdisciplinary talent, and public-private collaboration to transform fusion energy from promise to reality.","_oaas_audio_url":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/summary-26802-1764627259.mp3"},"categories":[204],"class_list":["post-26802","noticias","type-noticias","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-and-technology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00c1ngel Ibarra: Functional Materials to Turn Fusion into Industrial Reality - Fundaci\u00f3n Innovaci\u00f3n Bankinter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"At the Future Trends Forum Fusion Forward, \u00c1ngel Ibarra (IFMIF-DONES) highlights a challenge that rarely makes headlines but is absolutely decisive: without functional materials validated under extreme conditions, fusion will not be viable\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/news\/angel-ibarra-functional-materials-to-turn-fusion-into-industrial-reality\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c1ngel Ibarra: Functional Materials to Turn Fusion into Industrial Reality - 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