{"id":30761,"date":"2024-10-21T09:47:49","date_gmt":"2024-10-21T07:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/noticias\/water-governance-the-crucial-challenge-to-ensure-global-water-sustainability\/"},"modified":"2026-09-08T17:43:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T15:43:30","slug":"water-governance-the-crucial-challenge-to-ensure-global-water-sustainability","status":"publish","type":"noticias","link":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/news\/water-governance-the-crucial-challenge-to-ensure-global-water-sustainability\/","title":{"rendered":"Water governance: the crucial challenge to ensure global water sustainability"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With increasing pressure on natural resources from climate change, population growth and urbanization, water has become one of the greatest global challenges. To address this problem, the Bankinter Innovation Foundation has organised the think tank Future Trends Forum <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Resumen-FTF-Agua-ESP.pdf\"><strong><em>The quest for clean waters<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, where leading experts and leaders reflect and propose solutions on water governance, strategies for sustainable water management, and the innovations and technologies that must be involved. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this fourth article in the series, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/experts\/gonzalo-delacamara\/\">Gonzalo Delac\u00e1mara<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/experts\/glen-daigger\/\">Glen Daigger<\/a><\/strong> and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/experts\/pascual-fernandez\/\">Pascual Fern\u00e1ndez<\/a><\/strong> addressed one of the most critical aspects in water management: governance. All three experts agree that governance issues, rather than financial or technological constraints, are the main obstacle to ensuring long-term water security. From institutional complexity to the lack of adequate incentives, his presentations underscore the <strong>urgent need for structural changes in the way water decisions are made globally<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you want to see the presentations of these three experts, you can do so in these videos:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Gonzalo Delac\u00e1mara: \u201c#Collective governance: A shared responsibility (i)\u201d #WaterForum\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QCs8fus1_Nw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Collective governance: A shared responsibility <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/hashtag\/waterforum\">#WaterForum<\/a><\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Glen Daigger: \u201cWater reuse and efficiency (i)\u201d #WaterForum\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EkunNqCG0Ik?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Water reuse and efficiency (i) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/hashtag\/waterforum\">#WaterForum<\/a><\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Pascual Fern\u00e1ndez: \u201cGobernanza colectiva: una responsabilidad compartida (iii)\u201d #WaterForum\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3Ze_XUN_Xjo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Collective governance: a shared responsibility (iii) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/hashtag\/waterforum\">#WaterForum<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Water governance as the great unsolved challenge<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Throughout this cycle of articles from the Future Trends Forum on water, experts such as <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/experts\/david-sedlak\/\">David Sedlak<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/experts\/yael-glazer\/\"> <strong>Yael Glazer<\/strong><\/a> and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/experts\/carlos-duarte\/\">Carlos Duarte<\/a><\/strong> have exposed the technological, energy and environmental challenges facing water management. In this fourth article, <strong>Gonzalo Delac\u00e1mara<\/strong>, Director of the Center for Water and Climate Change at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ie.edu\/es\/\">IE University<\/a>, points out that technological solutions, innovation and financing are not the main barriers; <strong>The real limitation lies in governance failures<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Delac\u00e1mara<\/strong> says that while technologies such as water reuse and desalination and the application of the circular economy are extremely valuable, the reason why they are not implemented more widely is not related to a lack of resources, but to the way political and social decisions are made about water. <strong>The underlying problem, he argues, is that current institutions are not adequately prepared to manage the challenges of the 21st century<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>&#8220;Transparency and accountability are necessary, but not enough. We must master complexity and uncertainty.&#8221; &#8211; <\/em>Gonzalo Delac\u00e1mara<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The need for social change, not just technological change<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Glen Daigger<\/strong>, Professor of Engineering Practice at the <a href=\"https:\/\/espanol.umich.edu\/\">University of Michigan<\/a>, for his part, stresses that <strong>the main challenge <\/strong>is not so much knowing what to do, but <strong>how to make change happen on a large scale<\/strong>. While there are cities and countries that have managed water effectively, the problem lies in the lack of widespread adoption of good practices. According to <strong>Daigger<\/strong>, the process of change in water governance is a social process, not a technical one, and a critical mass of actors willing to adopt new solutions is needed.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Daigger<\/strong> introduces the concept of the &#8220;innovation process,&#8221; a cycle that begins with innovators, those who are attracted to new ideas, and then moves on to early adopters, who seek the tangible benefits of such innovations. These early adopters are key, because once they embrace change, other actors often follow suit. However, <strong>Daigger<\/strong> warns that this process requires time and, above all, the removal of social barriers that hold back the adoption of new policies.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>&#8220;We need to connect water management with tangible benefits for people. That&#8217;s the key to driving change.&#8221; \u2013 <\/em>Glen Daigger<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Transparency, incentives and coordination: pillars of a new governance<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A recurring aspect in the interventions of the three experts is the need for greater transparency and better structuring of incentives in water management. <strong>Pascual Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong>, former president of the Spanish Association of Water Supply and Sanitation, stresses that, in Spain, the water sector is atomized, with more than 8,000 municipalities and more than 2,000 urban water operators. This generates inequalities in service levels and makes it difficult to finance the infrastructures necessary to maintain water quality and security. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Fern\u00e1ndez <\/strong>explains that the average water rate in Spain is significantly lower than in other European countries, which generates problems in covering the real costs of operation and maintenance. This situation is not unique to Spain, but Fern\u00e1ndez highlights <strong>the need for an independent and technical regulator that can ensure transparency and accountability<\/strong>, allowing water tariffs to better reflect social, environmental and economic costs and benefits. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>&#8220;Urban water tariffs in Spain are, on average, less than \u20ac2 per cubic metre, compared to around \u20ac4 per cubic metre in Europe.&#8221; \u2013 <\/em>Pascual Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overcoming market failures and the Jevons paradox<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Delac\u00e1mara <\/strong>introduces the concept of the &#8220;Jevons paradox,&#8221; a well-known phenomenon in economics that explains how advances in efficiency often lead to higher total resource consumption. In the water context, this occurs when modernization of irrigation systems improves water use efficiency at the plot level, but at the watershed level, total water consumption increases due to crop intensification. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This phenomenon, <strong>Delac\u00e1mara<\/strong> points out, is a clear example of a governance failure. Although investments in efficiency are important, without complementary policies to counteract the rebound effect, the problem is not effectively solved. <strong>Delac\u00e1mara<\/strong> argues that financial incentives for farmers, especially in overexploited watersheds, should be designed to make desalinated or recycled water a more attractive option than extracting from polluted or overexploited aquifers. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The role of digital technology in water governance<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A key issue addressed by <strong>Delac\u00e1mara<\/strong> is the potential of new digital technologies to improve water governance. The use of sensors, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/category\/tecnologia\/inteligencia-artificial\/\">artificial intelligence<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/category\/tecnologia\/big-data\/\">big data<\/a> offers the possibility of collecting real-time information on water consumption, which could allow for greater personalisation of tariffs and more efficient use of resources. However, he warns that for these technologies to have a real impact, incentives and market structures need to be redesigned. <strong>Delac\u00e1mara<\/strong>illustrates this point with a simple example: if two citizens with very different water consumption profiles pay the same rate, there is no incentive for one to reduce their consumption or for the other to maintain their efficiency. The key, he says, is in how incentive systems are designed, and this, again, is a matter of governance.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Water governance for a resilient future<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All three experts agree that while technological solutions exist and financial resources are available, the real challenge lies in how we make decisions about water. Water governance must be transparent, inclusive and based on well-designed incentives that promote efficiency and long-term sustainability. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This fourth article in The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Resumen-FTF-Agua-ESP.pdf\"><strong><em>quest for clean waters<\/em><\/strong><\/a> series makes it clear that water governance is not a minor issue, but a crucial component of ensuring water security in a world increasingly affected by climate change and pressure on natural resources. To overcome these challenges, a <strong>change in the way we manage water will be necessary, integrating both social and technological innovation<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More articles from the series on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Resumen-FTF-Agua-ESP.pdf\"><strong><em>The quest for clean waters<\/em><\/strong><\/a> forum:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/noticias\/estrategias-para-resolver-la-crisis-hidrica-global-por-david-sedlak\/\">Strategies to solve the global water crisis, by David Sedlak.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/en\/news\/the-water-energy-nexus-challenges-yael-glazer\/\">The Water-Energy Nexus: Challenges and Solutions for a Sustainable Future, by Yael Glazer.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/noticias\/el-oceano-clave-para-la-gestion-sostenible-del-agua-en-un-mundo-en-crisis\/\">The Ocean: Key to Sustainable Water Management in a World of Crisis, by Carlos Duarte.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gonzalo Delac\u00e1mara, Glen Daigger and Pascual Fern\u00e1ndez analyse how water governance is key to overcoming the challenges of the water crisis, highlighting the importance of transparency, appropriate incentives and technological innovations<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":24522,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_oaas_summary":"As climate change, population growth and urbanization squeeze freshwater supplies, the Bankinter Innovation Foundation\u2019s Future Trends Forum convened experts to rethink water governance. In this fourth article, Gonzalo Delac\u00e1mara, Glen Daigger and Pascual Fern\u00e1ndez argue that institutional failures\u2014not lack of technology or finance\u2014are the primary barrier to long-term water security. They stress that transparency, accountability and better-aligned incentives are essential, but insufficient without structural change that can handle complexity and uncertainty. Digital tools (sensors, AI, big data) can support smarter management, yet their benefits depend on redesigned market rules and tariff systems that reward conservation and equity.\n\nThe authors emphasize that governance change is fundamentally social: widespread adoption of proven solutions requires early adopters, removal of social barriers and clear, tangible benefits for users. Examples include Spain\u2019s fragmented municipal system and low tariffs that hinder investment, and the Jevons paradox in agriculture, where efficiency gains raise total water use unless paired with policy measures. The experts call for independent regulation, coordinated incentives, and inclusive decision-making to align financial, environmental and social objectives. Ultimately, securing resilient water systems will demand integrated reforms that combine technological innovation with deep governance transformation.","_oaas_audio_url":"https:\/\/www.fundacionbankinter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/summary-30761-1788882214.mp3"},"categories":[193],"class_list":["post-30761","noticias","type-noticias","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-transformation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Water governance: key to sustainability<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Find out how Gonzalo Delac\u00e1mara, Glen Daigger and Pascual Fern\u00e1ndez propose changes in water governance for water security\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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